Heating cost, Vermont
What It Costs to Heat a Home in Vermont This Winter (2026-27)
Short answer: heating a typical 2,000 sq ft home in Vermont costs about $1,750 a year with the cheapest option, a natural gas furnace, and about $6,429 with the most expensive, electric resistance heat. Heating oil runs $4,922 and propane $4,175.
By Marcus Reed. Updated Nov 3, 2026. Part of our heating cost by state study.
Yearly heating cost in Vermont, by system
| System | Vermont a year | US average | Fuel used |
|---|---|---|---|
| Natural gas furnaceCheapest95% AFUE | $1,750 | $831 | 1,007 therms |
| Air-source heat pump6.6 HSPF2, cold-climate rating | $3,324 | $1,138 | 14,501 kWh |
| Propane furnace95% AFUE | $4,175 | $1,631 | 1,102 gallons |
| Heating oil boiler85% AFUE | $4,922 | $2,788 | 813 gallons |
| Electric resistance100% | $6,429 | $2,702 | 28,051 kWh |
Estimates for one reference home: 2,000 sq ft, average insulation, a normal winter. Equipment, maintenance, fan and pump electricity and tank rental are not included.
How Vermont compares
Vermont ranks 4th most expensive of 50 places with a real heating season when each uses its cheapest option, and 4th for a gas furnace. Its gas figure of $1,750 is 111% above the US average of $831.
The climate explains part of it. Vermont averages 7,596 heating degree days a year (1991-2020 normal, weighted by where people live), 1.8 times the contiguous US figure of 4,230, so the same house needs 95.7 million BTU of heat a winter against 53.3 nationally. The rest is prices: electricity at 22.9 cents per kWh against a US average of 17.3, and the fuel prices below.
Is a heat pump worth it in Vermont?
On running cost alone, an air-source heat pump costs $3,324 a year here. That is $1,598 a year less than heating oil, $851 less than propane and $3,106 less than electric baseboards. A gas furnace is still $1,574 a year cheaper where gas service is available.
Because Vermont is in a cold climate zone, these figures use a cold-climate heat pump rating of 6.6 HSPF2 rather than the 8.1 printed on most labels. A cold-climate model listed by NEEP holds its output better below freezing; a standard unit will lean more on backup heat.
Sizing decides whether a heat pump keeps up. Use our central heat pump size calculator for a ducted house or the mini-split calculator room by room.
Prices used for Vermont
- Electricity
- 22.9 cents per kWh
- EIA 2025 state average
- Natural gas
- $1.74 per therm
- EIA state average
- Propane
- $3.79 per gallon
- EIA October 2026, state average
- Heating oil
- $6.05 per gallon
- EIA October 2026, state average
Where the EIA does not publish a Vermont figure, we use its regional or US average and say so above. The full method and sources are in the main study.
Lowering the bill
- A setback schedule on a smart thermostat trims heating energy by about 8% by ENERGY STAR's estimate, about $140 a year on the natural gas furnace figure here.
- A space heater only saves money if the rest of the house is allowed to cool. At 22.9 cents per kWh a 1,500 W heater costs about $0.34 for each hour it runs on high; see what a space heater costs to run.
- Air sealing and attic insulation lower every number on this page in proportion, because they cut the heat the house needs.
Vermont heating cost FAQ
How much does it cost to heat a house in Vermont?
For a 2,000 sq ft home with average insulation in a normal Vermont winter: $1,750 with a natural gas furnace, $3,324 with an air-source heat pump, $4,175 with a propane furnace, $4,922 with a heating oil boiler, $6,429 with electric resistance heat. That uses EIA prices for Vermont and its 1991-2020 normal of 7,596 heating degree days.
What is the cheapest way to heat a home in Vermont?
A natural gas furnace, at about $1,750 a year for our reference home. The next cheapest is an air-source heat pump at $3,324, and the most expensive is electric resistance heat at $6,429. If you have no gas line, the choice is usually between a heat pump, propane and oil.
Is a heat pump cheaper than oil or propane in Vermont?
Yes against oil: about $1,598 a year less. Against propane it saves about $851 a year. That already uses a cold-climate rating of 6.6 HSPF2, lower than the 8.1 label figure, because Vermont winters are cold.
How much heating oil or propane does a house in Vermont use in a winter?
Our 2,000 sq ft reference home needs about 813 gallons of heating oil in an 85% efficient boiler, or 1,102 gallons of propane in a 95% furnace, in a normal Vermont winter. Smaller or tighter homes use less; a cold winter uses more in proportion.
Marcus Reed
Founder and Editor, CrunchYourDollars
Marcus Reed builds the sizing tools on CrunchYourDollars. He is a software engineer with a long-running PC hardware and power supply habit, which is where the watts, watt-hours and surge math on this site comes from. Product specs are pulled from manufacturer data sheets, electricity rates from the U.S. Energy Information Administration, and water chemistry rules from the Water Quality Association. He is not a licensed electrician or plumber: the tools show the math and the matching models so you can make the call, and anything involving your electrical panel should be checked by a licensed pro.
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